Data Communication Terminologies There are several common terminologies used in data communication literature: Channel: The word channel refers to the portion of a link that carries a transmission between a given pair of lines. One link can have many (n) channels. Data Rate: The data rate defines the number data elements (bits) sent in 1 second. The unit is bits per second (bps). Signal Rate: The signal rate is the numbers of signal elements sent in 1 second. The unit is baud . The data rate is sometimes called the bit rate : the signal rate is sometimes called the pulse rate, the modulation rate, or the baud rate. One goal in data communications is to increase the data rate while decreasing the signal rate. Increasing the data rate increases the speed of transmission; deceasing the signal rate decreasing the bandwidth requirement. Bandwidth: Bandwidth can be used in two different contexts with two different measuring values:- Bandwidth in Hertz: Bandwidth in ...
//Program for Interest calculation using the concept of default arguments #include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { float amount, principal; int time; float interest(float p, int n, float r=0.15); cout<<"Program for simple interest calculation"<<endl; cout<<"Please enter principal amount:"; cin>>principal; cout<<"Please enter Time: "; cin>>time; amount=interest(principal, time); cout<<"\nThe amount is:"<<amount; cout<<"\nPress any key to continue..."; getch(); } float interest(float p, int n,float r) { return (p+((p*r*n)/100.0)); }
The Inter Space Inter space is a java implementation, which provides a high level common java interface to middleware. It enables re-facing legacy applications using existing development tools like VB. It works like a gateway. Switching Techniques Data communication takes place by two devices that are directly connected by some transmission media. Whenever we have multiple devices, we have the problem of how to connect them to make one-to-one communication possible. Its best solution is switching . A switched network consists of a series of interlinked nodes, called switches. Switches are devices capable of creating temporary connections between two or more devices linked to the switch. Consider the following figure- Types of switching- Circuit Switching: Circuit Switching is a method in which a dedicated communication path is established between two devices through one or more intermediate switches. The telephone system uses this type of switching...
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